.. _-f_full:

**-f**\ [**i**\|\ **o**]\ *colinfo*
    Specify the data types of input and/or output columns (time or
    geographical data). Specify **i** or **o** to make this apply only
    to input or output [Default applies to both]. Give one or more
    columns (or column ranges) separated by commas, or use **-f**
    multiple times (column ranges must be given
    in the format *start*\ [:*inc*]:*stop*, where *inc* defaults to 1 if
    not specified).  Append **T** (absolute calendar time), **t**
    (relative time in chosen :term:`TIME_UNIT` since :term:`TIME_EPOCH`),
    **x** (longitude), **y** (latitude), **p**\ [*unit*] (projected
    x,y map coordinates in given *unit* [meter]) or **f** (floating point)
    to each column or column range item. Shorthands
    **-f**\ [**i**\|\ **o**]\ **g** means
    **-f**\ [**i**\|\ **o**]0\ **x**,1\ **y** (geographic coordinates)
    and **-f**\ [**i**\|\ **o**]\ **c** means
    **-f**\ [**i**\|\ **o**]0:1\ **f** (Cartesian coordinates)